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Enable students to develop discovery skills (Salzman/Mills  Grammar Safari )` ZZKZMZ 4M 4Ways to Use the Web for Instruction and Research (2)$51 Macro level Find authentic texts accessible to students Locate relevant online resources for research projects Student reports Scholarly research: c# c#"0Impediments to Finding Relevant Resources OnlineXReliance on commercial search engines (SEs) essential due to Web s size SEs priorities match ours only by coincidence Link rot Pages move or disappear Page content changes8- j-6'_%"Challenges to Responsible Research##$Online there is too much ephemeral content of unknown reliability Preponderance of journalistic, commercial and personal texts of unknown authorship and authority Details of sources and research methodology haphazard Even student papers (gasp) and machine translated texts (groan choke)BB+"&Challenges to Responsible Research (2)'#$Representativity of Web as Corpus Much ill-formed or fragmentary language Domain only a rough clue to provenance Numbers vs. Statistics Search engines number of pages matching a query, not actual citations One page may contain alternate usages Narrower filters may eliminate some pagesv"O"O      P  Webidence as Evidence  ( Our profession needs to develop  Standards of Webidence to guide selection and documentation of online language for serious research purposes.3 Y$^The Web is not a corpus in the classical sense& 00(  Why KWiCFinder?Automate process of search and retrieval Expedite evaluation of webpages Provide specific enhancements for foreign language users and linguists Encourage students and colleagues to take full advantage of online resourcesWhy AltaVista?All words are indexed, including "stopwords" Distinguishes case and "special characters" Supports Boolean operators, bracketing, and wildcards True world-wide coverage, with search by language No limits to length or complexity of the query Literal text search, without "second-guessing"  FKWiCFinder Enhances AltaVista with& Intuitive input for foreign characters, bracketing, operators, dates Inclusion / exclusion criteria not included in KWiC report to focus search Automatic search and retrieval in the background returning KWiC abstracts $,sS &NKWiCFinder Enhances AltaVista with& (2)($ Restricted wildcards ? % (1, 0-1 char) vs. AltaVista * (0-5 chars)  Sic option so  plain or lower-case char does not match  special or upper-case variants: By SE default, a matches any of aA |1i'NKWiCFinder Enhances AltaVista with& (3)($ b Tamecards -- User inputs pattern, KF generates variants: on-line matches on-line, on line, online s[iau]ng matches sing, sang, sung {me,te,se,nos,os,se} desp[i,]ert{o,as,a,amos,is,an} matches only reflexive forms me despierto, te despiertas, se despierta, nos despertamos, os despertis, se despiertan ;ZZZ;  4Xf}6  How Does XML Enhance KWiCFinder?Search results become a dynamic database which end user can manipulate: categorize, annotate, delete, merge / split searches, citations and documents Free off-the-shelf tools permit restyling of reports by developer or end-user Layouts Languages Data formatVINNINN  4/ 6, 6  Why WebKWiC?Original hope: cross-platform, cross-browser solution Minimal entry threshold: small download of HTML pages + JavaScript Support for non-Western European languages  Why Google?JLink popularity ranking puts relevant sites at or near top of list Straightforward approach to Advanced Search ( implicit Booleans ) easy to learn, thus most likely to be used by students independently Largest number of pages analyzed Matching pages always* available in cache with KWiC markup&& #How Does WebKWiC Complement Google?Focuses and enhances interface for language learners Provides tools to navigate among citations and documents Simplifies management of multiple windows(Future of Web ConcordancingAgents will create specialized corpora on demand, by  search and crawl or by monitoring specific sites Multiplicity of encoding formats (various HTMLs, XML& ) and languages will place increasing demands on developers of KWiCFinder and analogues0076+^'Pleas(e) Visit http://miniappolis.com/4(    *  !0'Download and try KWiCFinder and WebKWiC View bibliography as well as this and related presentations Use these tools with your students Send feedback and suggestions to fletcher@miniappolis.com4  !0/k ` TTrff` TTrh-[ʬ` 333MMM` TTr8r-[ffV>` TTrQ[-[` TTrTz<7FӥaG|` TTr4eXQƄΗ|aHb>?" dd@,? 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